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Consequently the opium trade continued in China. The British then imposed the Treaty of Nanking, which forced China to increase foreign trade, give compensation, and cede Hong Kong to the British. After months of tensions between the two nations, the British navy launched an expedition in June 1840, which ultimately defeated the Chinese using technologically superior ships and weapons by August 1842. Opium was Britain's single most profitable commodity trade of the 19th century. Despite the opium ban, the British government supported the merchants' demand for compensation for seized goods, and insisted on the principles of free trade and equal diplomatic recognition with China. The immediate issue was the Chinese enforcement of their ban on the opium trade by seizing private opium stocks from merchants at Canton and threatening to impose the death penalty for future offenders. The First Opium War ( Chinese: 第一次鴉片戰爭 pinyin: Dìyīcì Yāpiàn Zhànzhēng), also known as the Anglo-Sino War, was a series of military engagements fought between the British Empire and the Qing dynasty of China between 18.
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